Z Axis Labeling is the practice of appending transactional data from business applications with End of Week, End of Month, and similar period columns, treating time as the Z axis as in digital signal processing.
In digital signal processing the Z Axis is time; 📝Z as the dimension of time describes the convention of letting a third axis carry time so a measurement can be seen as it changes from one period to the next. Z Axis Labeling applies it to business records. The labels are simple column manipulations, but they give every transaction a position on the time axis, so the same metric can be totaled and compared by week, month, or quarter.
In the data work behind a 📝CFO System, labeling follows ingestion. Data from the applications on a company's 📝Systems Diagram is loaded into a warehouse such as 📝BigQuery and organized by the 📝Instrumentation Pyramid; it is then Z axis labeled, integrated with data from the company's other systems, and presented in 📝Monday Morning Metrics (MMM).
The period labels are what make weekly reporting possible from systems that record transactions by date alone. Reading one metric at weekly, monthly, and quarterly periods is an application of 📝Sampling Frequency: each label is a different rate at which the business is sampled.