Framing is a concept in the #social-sciences that examines how individuals, groups, and societies organize, perceive, and communicate about reality. It operates through both mental representations—filters shaped by cultural and biological influences—and through interpersonal communication. Frames help reduce ambiguity by contextualizing information in ways that connect to existing knowledge. In social theory, framing is understood as a schema of interpretation that shapes how people respond to events. It is central in sociology, communication, and political science, where it influences how issues are presented and understood. Distinctions exist between equivalency frames, which present logically identical options differently, and emphasis frames, which highlight particular aspects of complex issues. Through these processes, framing can alter perception without changing underlying facts, making it a powerful mechanism for both meaning-making and persuasion.

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