The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is a scientific framework used in psychology to measure and describe human personality through five broad dimensions. Commonly known by the acronym 📝OCEAN, it comprises openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. It was developed using dimensionality reduction techniques on language descriptors, building upon the lexical hypothesis which suggests that important traits are eventually encoded in common vocabulary. Unlike categorical types, it measures these factors on a continuous scale to capture individual variance. The model is considered a standard in psychometrics, providing a foundation for research into academic achievement, clinical pathology, and occupational success.